Recently, the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2023 has been released. 

About MPI

• Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)=>jointly published by United Nations Development Programme and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) since 2010.
• measures (annually) acute multidimensional poverty across more than 100 developing countries.
• This report tells about how prevalent poverty is in the world and provides insights into the lives of poor people, their deprivations and how intense their poverty is—to inform and accelerate efforts to end poverty in all its forms.

MPI report:

• 25 countries, including India, successfully halved their global MPI values within 15 years
• 415 mn India's exited poverty from2005-2006 to 2019-2021 + Decrease in poverty incidence from 55.1% to 16.4% +The poorest states and groups, including children and backward castes, had the fastest absolute progress.
• Deprivation in all indicators declined
• The above findings are significant as India surpassed China (in Apr 2023) to become the world’s most populous nation with 142 crore people.

Other key findings:

• The 2023 report reveals that over 18% of people live in severe poverty across 110 countries.
• Most of the poor reside in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia (5/6 poor people)
• A significant portion of the poor live in middle-income countries (nearly 2/3rd)
• Low-income countries, which make up only 10% of the population in the MPI, are home to 35% of all poor people.
• Children under 18 make up half of the poor population.The poverty rate is 27.7% among children and 13.4% among adults.
• Poverty is predominantly a rural issue.
• Some countries have halved their poverty levels in as little as four to 12 years.

Initiatives by GOI for poverty alleviation:

• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), 
• Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM), 
• Deen Dayal Upadhyay – Gramin Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY), 
• Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G), 
• Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), 
• Shyama Prasad Mukherjee National RuRBAN Mission (SPMRM) and National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP), 
• Programmes of Department of Land Resources, viz., Watershed Development Component of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (WDC-PMKSY).
• Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Package -COVID Pandemic
• Other related schemes: 
  • Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
  • Schemes for Financial Assistance
  • Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi
  • Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
  • Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP)

For Prelims:

• Meaning of multidimensional poverty
• MPI=>which body publishes MPI + what are the various dimension of poverty ( you need to remember the weights as well)
• Meaning of poverty incidence
• key findings of the report

For Mains:

• We have to analyse the issue of poverty and what factors are responsible for it.
• Steps government has taken regarding poverty alleviation
• Also we might need to critical analysis India's effort in decreasing its poverty incidence